This simply means that the nervous system that perceives phonemes in our language is less efficient in these children than in other children 
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In an English alphabet system, the individual letters on the page are abstract and meaningless, in and of themselves. They should ultimately be paired evenly with abstract sounds called phonemes, mixed together and pronounced as words, where meanings are ultimately felt .To learn to read English, the child must find out the relationship between sounds and letters. Thus, the beginner reader should learn the connections between the approximately 44 sounds of spoken English (phonemes) and the 26 letters of the alphabet.
What our NICHD research has taught us is that for the beginner reader to learn how to combine or translate hidden symbols (letters and letter patterns) into a sound, the reader must understand that our Speech can be split or broken into smaller ones. Voices (phone awareness) and distributed speech units can be represented by printed forms (acoustics). Understanding that written spellings represent the letters of spoken words in a systematic way (called the alphabetical principle) is essential to developing accurate and fast word reading skills.


Why is phoneme awareness and the development of the alphabet principle so important for the beginner reader? Because if children can't see the sound in spoken words - for example, if they can't "hear" the sound in the fat and cat and think the difference is in the first sound, they have to decode the words or There will be difficulty in "sounding". A fast and accurate fashion .This awareness of the phonetic structure of our language seems so simple and common that we take it for granted. But many children do not become aware of the phone, and for some interesting reasons that we are now beginning to understand.

Rather, we know that it is the language systems of the brain that do the work. In some young people, the brain seems to be easier to process this type of information.However, in many children this skill is just hard to learn, and thus should be taught directly, clearly, and through a well-trained and knowledgeable teacher .It has also become clear that the development of these important early reading-related skills, such as phone awareness and phonology, is nurtured when children are taught at home during the preschool years, when they learn their letters and numbers. Names are learned, and when they are introduced to the concepts of print and literacy activities at a very young age.

This simply means that the nervous system that perceives phonemes in our language is less efficient in these children than in other children .Therefore in learning to read, it is important that children read a large number of texts at their free reading level (with 95% accuracy), and that the text provides specific exercises in learning skills .It is also important to note that spelling instructions promote reading fluency. Through spelling instructions, young people find many examples where letters represent the sounds of speech and also inform the young reader of the fact that written words are made up of large units of print (such as letters).